- 从现有数组形成一个新数组,字符噪音更少。
- spread 将元素提取为值。它是一个不可变的函数。
- [] 是写入新数组的方式。因此,展开不会改变原始数组。
- spread 适用于所有可迭代对象,而不仅仅是数组。
- iterables:字符串、数组、映射、集合,即除了对象数据类型之外的大多数内置数据结构。
- 与解构的区别:从数组中提取所有元素,并且不创建新变量,仅在需要值 csv 的地方使用。
- 当我们构建数组或将值传递给函数时使用。
const nums = [5,6,7]; const newnums = [1,2, nums[0],nums[1],nums[2]]; console.log(newnums); // [ 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 ] is reduced to const nums = [5,6,7]; const newnums = [1,2, ...nums]; console.log(newnums); // [ 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 ] console.log(...newnums); // 1 2 5 6 7
1. 将两个数组合并在一起
const arr1 = [1,2,3,4,5]; const arr2 = [6,7,8,9]; let nums = [...arr1,...arr2]; nums; // [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ] const firstname = "peter"; const fullname = [...firstname,' ',"p."]; fullname; // [ 'p', 'e', 't', 'e', 'r', ' ', 'p.' ] console.log(...firstname); // 'p' 'e' 't' 'e' 'r'
- 错误来源:扩展运算符在模板字符串中不起作用,因为模板字符串不希望其中有多个值。
2. 创建数组的浅拷贝
const girl = { name: 'melania', friends: ['alina', 'alice', 'ayesha', 'anamika', 'anaya'] }; const frnz = [...girl.friends]; console.log(frnz); // [ 'alina', 'alice', 'ayesha', 'anamika', 'anaya' ] console.log(girl.friends); // [ 'alina', 'alice', 'ayesha', 'anamika', 'anaya' ]
spread 也适用于对象,即使它们不是可迭代的。
let male = { "firstname": "gangadhar", "lastname": "shaktimaan" } let female = { "firstname": "geeta", "lastname": "vishwas" } let x = {...male, born: 1950}; let y = {...female, born: 1940}; x; // { firstname: 'gangadhar', lastname: 'shaktimaan', born: 1950 } y; // { firstname: 'geeta', lastname: 'vishwas', born: 1940 }``` ## shallow copy of objects: let male = { "firstname": "gangadhar", "lastname": "shaktimaan" } let character = {...male, firstname: 'wonderwoman'}; male; // { firstname: 'gangadhar', lastname: 'shaktimaan' } character; // { firstname: 'wonderwoman', lastname: 'shaktimaan' } - first name for character object is changed although it was extracted from male object
休息模式和休息参数:
- rest 的作用与 spread 相反,但具有与 spread 相同的语法。
- spread 用于构建新数组或将值传递给 fn。在这两种情况下,扩展都用于扩展元素。
- rest 使用相同的语法,但将这些值压缩为一个
- spread 用于从数组中解包元素,rest 用于将元素打包到数组中。 ````
展开运算符和剩余运算符的语法差异:
扩展运算符 => ... 用于赋值运算符的 rhs。
const nums = [9,4, ...[2,7,1]];
剩余运算符=> ...将位于带有解构的赋值运算符的lhs上
const [x,y,...z] = [9,4, 2,7,1];
## rest syntax collects all the elements after the last elements into an array. doesn't include any skipped elements. - hence, it should be the last element in the destructuring assignment. - there can be only one rest in any destructuring assignment.
let diet = ['披萨', '汉堡','面条','烤','寿司','dosa','uttapam'];
让[第一,第三,...其他] =饮食;
首先;
第三;
其他;
- rest also works with objects. only difference is that elements will be collected into a new object instead of an arrray.
let days = { 'mon':1,'tue':2,'wed':3,'thu':4,'fri':5,'sat':6,'sun':7};
让{周六,周日,...工作} = 天;
放开= {周六,周日};
工作; // { 周一:1,周二:2,周三:3,周四:4,周五:5 }
离开; // { 周六: 6, 周日: 7 }
- although both look same, but they work differently based on where they are used.
休息和传播的微妙区别:
- 扩展运算符用于我们写入用逗号分隔的值
- 使用休息模式,我们将编写用逗号分隔的变量名称。
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