任何客户端都不应该被迫依赖它不使用的方法

考虑办公空间的示例，其中使用对象表示各种输出设备

接口隔离原则之前：

i多功能接口

/**
 * @imultifunction interface has methods related to all output devices present in office space
 * for devices like printer, scanner, fax machines, etc
*/
public interface imultifunction {
    public void print();
    public void getprintspooldetails();
    public void scan();
    public void scanphoto();
    public void fax();
    public void internetfax();
}

现在为各种设备实现上述通用接口

具有所有功能的 xeroxworkcenter 类

/**
 * 
 * you must have seen xerox work station device which has all the features in one like printing, scanning, xerox,
 * fax etc
*/
public class xeroxworkcenter implements imultifunction {

    @override
    public void print() {
        // real printing code
    }

    @override
    public void getprintspooldetails() {
        // real get print spool details code
    }

    @override
    public void scan() {
        // read scanning code
    }

    @override
    public void scanphoto() {
        // real scan photo code 
    }

    @override
    public void fax() {
        // real fax code
    }

    @override
    public void internetfax() {
        // real internet fax code
    }

}

hpprinternscanner 类具有打印和扫描功能

public class hpprinternscanner implements imultifunction {

    @override
    public void print() {
        // real printing code
    }

    @override
    public void getprintspooldetails() {
        // real get print spool details code
    }

    @override
    public void scan() {
        // read scanning code
    }

    @override
    public void scanphoto() {
        // real scan photo code 
    }

    //since hpprinternscanner has only printing and scanning abilities fax() and internetfax() will have empty body
    @override
    public void fax() {}

    @override
    public void internetfax() {}

}

canonprinter 类只有打印功能

public class canonprinter implements imultifunction {

    @override
    public void print() {
        // real printing code
    }

    @override
    public void getprintspooldetails() {
        // real get print spool details code
    }

    //since the canonprinter has only printing ability rest of the method will have an empty body
    @override
    public void scan() {}

    @override
    public void scanphoto() {}

    @override
    public void fax() {}

    @override
    public void internetfax() {}

}

isp违规识别技巧

• 胖接口（具有两个多方法声明的接口）
• 低内聚的接口（具有不太可能彼此相关的方法的接口）
• *空方法实现*（当类被迫实现他们不使用的方法时，他们将方法的实现留空）

接口隔离原则之后:

public interface iprint {
    public void print();
    public void getprintspooldetails();
}

public interface iscan {
    public void scan();
    public void scanphoto();
}

public interface ifax {
    public void fax();
    public void internetfax();
}

/**
 * 
 * you must have seen the xerox workstation device which has all the features in one like printing, scanning, xerox, fax, etc.
*/
public class xeroxworkcenter implements iprint,iscan,ifax {

    @override
    public void print() {
        // real printing code
    }

    @override
    public void getprintspooldetails() {
        // real get print spool details code
    }

    @override
    public void scan() {
        // read scanning code
    }

    @override
    public void scanphoto() {
        // real scan photo code ̰
    }

    @override
    public void fax() {
        // real fax code
    }

    @override
    public void internetfax() {
        // real internet fax code
    }

}

public class hpprinternscanner implements iprint,iscan {

    @override
    public void print() {
        // real printing code
    }

    @override
    public void getprintspooldetails() {
        // real get print spool details code
    }

    @override
    public void scan() {
        // read scanning code
    }

    @override
    public void scanphoto() {
        // real scan photo code 
    }
}

public class CanonPrinter implements IPrint {

    @Override
    public void print() {
        // real printing code
    }

    @Override
    public void getPrintSpoolDetails() {
        // real get print spool details code
    } 
}

每个接口都有一个单一的职责，并且现在更加干净。

isp 与其他 solid 原则的关系

单一责任
将接口划分为不同的接口后，现在所有接口（例如 iprint、iscan）都有单一职责

里氏替换
由于隔离，现在所有类（实现接口）都遵循里氏替换，因为所有子类型或实现类都可以用它们的接口引用变量替换

以上就是接口隔离原则的详细内容，更多请关注php中文网其它相关文章！